Their proapoptotic activity is strictly controlled by transcriptional or post-translational regulation. 1, 2 To date, at least eight BH3-only protein members (Bad, Bid, Bik/Blk, Bim/Bod, Bmf, Hrk, PUMA and Noxa) have been identified and all of them strongly induce apoptosis. One possesses multiple domains, that is, three Bcl-2 homology domains 1–3 (BH1–3) and the other possesses a BH3 domain alone. The proapoptotic Bcl-2 subfamily can be divided into two groups. They functionally and physically associate with the mitochondrial membrane and regulate mitochondria-mediated apoptotic signals either positively or negatively. Bcl-2 family members play pivotal roles in regulation of apoptosis.
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